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每个人都知道“听证会”是什么,“听力损失”是非常不言自明的。但是,在谈论听证会上时,还有另一个常用的词,其含义不太清楚,并且这个词是“残留的听证会”。那么,剩余听证会是什么?为什么这有关系?

If someone has a sensorineural hearing loss, it means that they can’t hear sounds of a certain frequency that are below a certain volume. The extent of hearing loss is different for everybody, and having “hearing loss” doesn’t necessarily mean that someone can’t hear any sounds.

这是剩余听证会进来的地方。基本上,剩余听证会是即使存在听力损失,也能听到一些声音。剩下的听证会很重要,因为它可以对现在和未来的人的听力表现产生重大影响。

剩余听证会如何发生?

正如我们之前讨论的那样,听证会是一个过程耳蜗中约有20,000个微小的毛细胞转换声波的机械振动进入大脑理解声音的电神经脉冲。感应性听力损失是当这些毛发细胞缺失或损坏时发生最常见的听力损失之一。然而,因为有这么多的这些毛细胞,即使具有深刻的听力损失,其中一些也不会缺失或损坏。

当其中一些毛细胞没有缺失或损坏时,会发生残留的听力。这意味着它们仍然可以响应某些声频,并且它们仍然连接到导致大脑的神经细胞。最常见的剩余听力类型是低频剩余听力。当有人失去听到一些或所有高频声音但仍然可以听到低频声音时,它会发生这种情况。这通常由老年人经历,如果你的祖父或祖母无法听到像鸟儿唧唧声音,但是听到了像汽车发动机或一些男声道这样的声音,那么你可能会熟悉它。

Why Does Residual Hearing Matter?

剩余听证对听力损失的每个人都很重要,无论他们是否已经接受了耳蜗植入物,因为它可以代表听力潜力。

对于那些还没有收到耳蜗implant, it’s the residual hearing they rely on to hear all sounds. If they have low-frequency residual hearing, then it’s the low-frequency sounds that they’ll hear best. Hearing aids, for example, take advantage of residual hearing by amplifying the sound waves sent to the cochlea so that the remaining hair cells can hear the sounds more easily.

And residual hearing is also important for individuals who have a cochlear implant. For these individuals, this means preserving residual hearing so that it still exists after the cochlear implant’s electrode array is inserted.

起初可能是令人惊讶的,因为耳蜗植入物旨在复制即使在绝对没有剩余听证的个人中也可以复制听觉。那么,如果耳蜗植入物即使没有剩余听证会,为什么有人希望保持他们的剩余听证会?

这是因为任何现有的残差听力都支持由耳蜗植入刺激的声音,这意味着接收者可以具有最佳的听力。耳蜗植入物是令人惊叹的技术,是唯一复制人类感觉的技术,但然而,剩余听觉仍然比人造电刺激更好。raybet投注

甚至更多,如果有人有足够的剩余听力,他们可能是电声刺激的候选者,或者简单。EAS是一种专为具有低频残差听力的个体设计的听力植入物,因为它为低频声音提供了高频声音的电刺激以及用于低频声音的声学放大,并且它可以提供比耳蜗更好的听力性能。单独植入1

如果有人保留了残留的听证会,这意味着我们认为他们的耳蜗可以更好地利用未来发展的任何疗法或技术。

How Is Residual Hearing Preserved?

我们称之为剩余听证会有两个主要方面,或者我们所谓的结构保存。首先与电极阵列的设计有关,第二个是关于外科医生的技术。这里我们将专注于电极阵列,但重要的是要注意外科技术至关重要。

Since our very first electrode array was developed, we’ve dedicated ourselves to preserving residual hearing. We know that electrode arrays designed to be soft and flexible are the best at preserving the 20,000 delicate hair cells within the cochlea, and that’s why all of our electrode arrays feature unique wave-shaped wires and a flexible design. This way they can be gently inserted into the cochlea, helping to preserve the hair cells and therefore any residual hearing.

If you’d like to learn more about what an electrode array designed for structure preservation looks like, check out our blog post that focuses on thesoft and flexible design of MED-EL electrode arrays

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参考

  • USAMI等人。(2014)对32例连续电声刺激(EAS)手术的保存和临床结果。Acta Oto-Laryngologica,134.(7)717-27。

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