通过购物帮助您的孩子学习这5个语言技能

Helping your child to build their language skills doesn’t just to happen in a clinic. You can help your child build their languags skills in almost any situation imaginable, if you know how.

例如，这里有一些有用的活动，你可以在购买杂货店时玩。我们将他们分组，他们将通过哪种特定的语言技能进行帮助：

1. Auditory Memory: remember and recall a list or series of things.
2. 在ference: using a few facts to guess what will happen next.
3. 词汇：了解更多的单词和短语。
4. Negation: the meaning of “not.”
5. 时间：与时间和序列相关的概念。

Let Your Child Hear Everything

我们已经将这些分组为不同的领域，但这并不意味着您应该以特定目标限制其增长。帮助您孩子增长的最佳方式是确保它们在可能的情况下尽可能多地曝光。

挑战他们也是：让你的孩子听到更多高级语言帮助他们开发新技能，而不是坚持他们所知道的。

为您的孩子的活动

1. Auditory Memory

以下是您如何帮助您的孩子构建其听觉记忆，或记住和记住列表或系列的能力。

• Before:
  • Give your child a list of tasks to do before you can leave, like: “It’s time to go so please first get the grocery list off the table, put it in my purse, and then get your coat.”
  • Ask your child to think of two or three things they should get at the store. Remind them to think about the items on your way to the store, and then tell you what they are once you’re at the store.
• 在商店：
  • 当您购物时，将您的孩子交出一些物品，并要求您的孩子将它们放在购物车的某个地方。例如，你可以说“用牛奶放面包，以及胡萝卜的松饼。”
  • 当您在退房线时，请让您的孩子在柜台上放一些物品，说“你能把胡萝卜，面包和柜台上麦白质吗？”
• 后：
  • When you’re unpacking groceries at home, ask your child to hand you a series of items: “Please give me the cookies, cereal, and pasta.”
  • 让您的孩子在特定位置将一些物品放在特定位置，如“将胡萝卜和谷物放入冰箱中，并将苹果和橙子放在桌子上的碗中。”

2. Inference

Here’s how you can help your child use facts to guess what will happen next.

• Before:
  • 询问孩子的问题让他们思考他们应该做的事情，如：“外面很冷，我们应该穿什么来保持温暖？”“外面正在下雨，所以我们怎样才能保持干燥？”“商店太遥远了走路，所以我们怎样才能到达那里？”
  • 与您的孩子谈论什么类型的商店出售不同的东西，如玩具店如何出售玩具，杂货店出售食物，衣服店卖衣服。然后，问他们应该去哪里买东西。
• 在商店：
  • 解释杂货店如何由不同的部分组织，如水果和蔬菜，肉类，罐装商品等。然后，问他们应该在哪里去吃胡萝卜和苹果的食物。
  • As you’re walking around, describe the characteristics of something you want to buy—but don’t say it by name. For example, say to your child that you “need to buy something that we drink, is white, and comes from a cow.” Can they find it?
• 后：
  • After you’ve arrived home, ask your child “why” questions: “Why did we go shopping?” “Why did we drive instead of walk?” “Why did we buy milk?”
  • 描述您用来用餐的不同成分，并询问您的孩子，如果他们猜出这顿饭的东西。例如，“我们买了莴苣，胡萝卜，芹菜，黄瓜，西红柿和敷料。我们会做什么？“

3. Vocabulary

以下是您如何帮助您的孩子了解与购物相关的单词和短语。

• Before:
  • 与您的孩子制作购物单，并将其分成不同类型的食物。将物品添加到列表时，让您的孩子知道它应该进入哪些部分：“我们需要胡萝卜;胡萝卜是一种蔬菜，所以我们将把它们放在“生产”部分中。“
  • Describe to your child the different things they’ll see and use at the store, like “aisle,” “cart,” “cashier,” “groceries,” “check-out,” “shopping list,” and so on.
• 在商店：
  • 使用您在购买购物清单时使用的词汇，例如“现在我们在生产部分，有水果和蔬菜。胡萝卜在哪里？“
  • 使用不同的商店相关的词汇，如“让我们走下这边过道并用更多杂货填满我们的购物车。”
• 后：
  • When you’re unpacking, name each of the items you pull out: “This is the milk, remember how we got it from the dairy section?”
  • Describe different items and ask your child to remember their word. For example, “Do you remember the name of the thing we pushed around and put our food in?” “What kind of list did we make with all the food on it?”

4. Negation

Here’s how you can help your child to understand what “not” means.

• Before:
  • 当您正在制作购物清单时，谈谈您家人的食物不喜欢。例如，“我喜欢胡萝卜，但你的爸爸不喜欢他们。”“你喜欢冰淇淋，但我没有。”
  • 谈论你需要购买的东西，以及你不这样做的事情：“我们需要买牛奶，但我们不需要购买橘子。那是因为我们已经有足够的橘子。“
• 在商店：
  • As you’re walking through the store, describe characteristics of different food: “Apples are read, but bananas are not. Bananas are yellow.” “The milk is cold, but the bread is not cold. The bread is warm.” “The soup is in a can, but the cereal is not in a can.”
  • 在a given aisle, talk about what’s in it and what is not: “We are in the produce section, so there are apples here but there are not eggs.”
• 后：
  • When unpacking, tell your child where specific items do or don’t go: “The milk goes in the refrigerator, but the cereal does not.” “The soup goes in the cupboard, but the carrots go in the refrigerator.”
  • 解释一些食物可以尽可能吃，而其他食物则需要准备：“我们可以在不做任何事情的情况下吃胡萝卜，但我们不能在不加热的情况下吃汤。”“我们可以像这样吃面包，但我们不能只是吃土豆。”

5. Temporal

以下是如何帮助您的孩子了解时间：序列，“之前”和“之后，”和更多。

• Before:
  • 讨论将会发生什么,它的顺序happen: “First we will make the shopping list, then second we will go to the store, then third we will pick out the food and pay for it, then finally we’ll come back home.”
  • Say what you need to do before or after another thing: “Before we go to the store, we have to make a shopping list.” “After we buy the groceries, we will come home.”
• 在商店：
  • Talk about what you need to do before doing something else, with the word “until” For example, “We won’t leave the produce section until we’ve gotten all the fruits and vegetables.” “We won’t pay for our groceries until we’ve gotten everything on the list.”
  • 使用“之前”和“再次”之后：“在我们得到牛奶之前，我们需要获得蔬菜。”“在我们牛奶后，我们会去面包。”
• 后：
  • Use the word “while” to talk about what happened. “While we were at the store, we talked to the man at the meat counter.” “We got lots of food while we were at the store!”
  • Use the different times of day, like “morning,” “afternoon,” and “evening.” For example, “We left to the store in the morning, and it was afternoon by the time we got back.” “We’ll use the groceries to make dinner this evening.”

这些只是您可以将常规活动转变为您孩子的学习体验的不同方式。

是否有其他活动，您希望我们进入语言技能的学习体验？让我们在下面的评论中知道！

这篇文章的作者是玫琳凯Therres,讲话-language pathologist and Rehabilitation Specialist at MED-EL.

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